Power transmitting means for hydraulically operated jaw crushers



Aprll 17, 1962 K. GAULDIE 3,029,605

POWER TRANSMITTING MEANS FOR HYDRAULICALLY OPERATED JAW CRUSHERS Filed April 13, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Apnl 17, 1962 K. GAULDIE 3,029,505

POWER TRANSMITTING MEANS FOR HYDRAULICALLY OPERATED JAW CRUSHERS Filed April 13, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I I L\\ \\\\\\\\1 .k\ \\\\\\\1- ice 3,029,605 POWER TRANSMITTENG MEANS FUR HYDRAULI- CALLY OPERATED SAW CRUSEERS Kenneth Gauldie, 2 Gibson Ave, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Filed Apr. 13, 1959, Ser. No. 805,817 6 Claims. (Cl. fill-54.5)

This invention relates to hydraulically-operated jaw crushers and more particularly to power transmitting means therefor.

In my prior United States Patent 2,620,629, there is disclosed a hydraulically-operated jaw crusher of the kind in which the crushing forces exerted on the material in a hopper by a reciprocating jaw are transmitted to it by hydraulic pressure developed by a reciprocating plunger and applied through a ram. In such patent, the plunger is illustrated as reciprocated in a fixed direction and as operated through a connecting rod from an overhead crankshaft.

An object of the present invention is'to provide improved means for reciprocating and guiding the move ments of the plunger in hydraulically-operated jaw crushers whereby the plunger mechanism is simpler, more compact, and less costly.

The invention resides, in combination with a hydraulically-operated jaw crusher having a ram cylinder, in a plunger mechanism comprising a driving shaft, 21 plunger eccentrically pivoted to said shaft and an oscillatably mounted cylinder, said plunger extending into said cylinder for reciprocating movement therein, said plunger in response to rotation of said shaft having reciprocating and oscillating movements.

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIGURE 1 is a sectional elevation of a plunger mechanism in accordance with the invention,

FIGURES 2, 3 and 4 are sectional elevations of modified forms of plunger mechanism,

FIGURE is a cross-sectional view of the mechanism shown in FIGURE 4, and

FIGURE 6 is a sectional elevation of still another form of plunger mechanism.

Referring to FIGURE 1, 1 is the plunger and 2 the ram cylinder of a hydraulically-operated jaw crusher such as, for instance, illustrated in my copending application Serial No. 805,816, filed April 13, 1959, now Patent No. 2,986,345.

The plunger 1 is directly pivoted on the crank-pin 3 of a crankshaft 4 and is mounted for reciprocating movement in a cylinder 5. It will be apparent that plunger 1 will also be subject to swinging movement in response to rotation of the crankshaft and cylinder 5 is mounted for oscillation in response to such swinging movement by means of supporting trunnions 6 and 7 rotatably mounted in frame members 8 and 9. The cylinder has a plunger chamber 10 which communicates with the interior of the ram cylinder 2 through a bore 11 in trunnion 7, holes 12 in the wall of the trunnion 7, and a passage 13 in the ram cylinder wall.

In the structure described, the end of the trunnions are closed, and the oscillating cylinder as a whole is in axial balance. The trunnion 7 may be lubricated by hydraulic oil leaking through it under pressure; similarly, trunnion 6 may be lubricated by oil fed to it from the bore Ill through a passage 14.

It will be apparent that various changes may be made in the structure to meet desired or required conditions.

For instance, the trunnions may be open at both ends and the hydraulic connection to the ram cylinder may be made through one of these. As the pressure developed by the plunger would extend to bothends, the cylinder as a whole would again be in axial balance.

For crushers of the kind described in my prior United States Patent 2,609,994, in which the plunger chamber, during alternate oscillations only, is connected to the ram cylinder, the arrangement may be similar to that of FIGURE 1 except that instead of connection between the plunger chamber and ram cylinder being direct it would be made through a commutating valve which, during intermediate oscillations of the plunger, would direct resulting fiow away from the ram cylinder.

In the modification described, the trunnions are shown as being integral with the cylinder 5.

Referring to FIGURE 2, the plunger 1 is mounted for reciprocation in a cylinder 15 which is for oscillation on a hollow shaft 16 as by means of trunnions 17. The cylinder 15 has a plunger chamber 18 which communicates with the interior of the shaft by means of a plurality of holes 19 in the shaft wall. Shaft 16 is rotatably mounted in frame 20' and is adapted to be driven by means of sprocket 21 thereon. Shaft 16 has a port 22 by which the interior thereof is periodically placed in communication with ram cylinder 2 through passage 23 as a result of rotation of the shaft. Shaft 16 also has a port 24 by means of which the interior thereof is periodically placed in communication with :a second ram cylinder 25 through a passage 26, the arrangement being such that the two ram cylinders 2 and 25 are alternately connected to the plunger chamber. Shaft 16 may be driven at half the speed of the crankpin 3 of the plunger to accomplish this operation. Each ram cylinder has an independent jaw associated therewith, which jaws may be mounted side by side on the same shaft and swing side by side in the same hopper and each moving (one at a time) in unison with the plunger during alternate revolutions of the crankshaft and each at rest (one at a time) during intermediate revolutions. In the arrangement illustrated, each stroke of the plunger is active; and without any increase in the forces transmitted through the crankshaft, the output capacity of a crusher may be double that of a comparable machine equipped with a single jaw.

In cases where it is desired to operate the arrangement of FIGURE 2 with a single crushing jaw, the port 24, instead of being connected to a second ram cylinder, may be connected to an oil sump, air vessel, or other receiver whereby alternate strokes of the plunger are nonactive or idle. In that manner and for the purpose explained in prior United States Patent 2,609,994, the jaw operated by the ram in the cylinder 2 is driven forward and retracted in one complete oscillation of the plunger and is at rest in retracted position during the next oscillation of the plunger.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in FIG- URE 3, the plunger 1 slides in a cross bore 27 in a cylinder 28 oscillatingly mounted in a frame member 29 having a plunger chamber 30 and a passage 31 leading therefrom to a ram cylinder. Cylinder 28 is itself externally cylindrical and may be a relatively short piece of shaft. It is rotatable on an axis parallel to the crankshaft 4. It will be observed that the end of the plunger extends into chamber Brit in which it swings during its reciprocating movements. The chamber 30 may be directly connected to the ram cylinder or it may be indirectly connected to such a cylinder or cylinders through commutating valve mechanism for the purposes previously indicated.

Referring to FIGURES 4 and 5, the plunger 1 is mounted for reciprocating movement in a cylinder 32 which is oscillatingly mounted by means of relatively long trunnions 33 and 34 on a tubular valve member 35 Patented Apr. 17, 1962 in a supporting frame 36. Valve member 35 is rotatably mounted in trunnions 33 and 34 and is arranged to be driven by means of a sprocket 37. Valve member 35 is provided with commutating ports 38 and 39 arranged to be periodically placed in registry with complementary ports 40 and 41 in the tiunnions as the valve rotates. It will be apparent that the interior of the valve member is thus alternately placed in communication with one or other of the ports 40 and 41.

Cylinder 332 has a plunger chamber 42 communicating with the interior of the valve 35 by means of holes 43.

Port 41 communicates with the ram cylinder 4-4 and port 4'1 communicates with a receiver 45.

It will be apparent that, in operation, the plunger and ram cylinder are hydraulically connected only during alternate oscillations of the plunger and that during its intermediate oscillations the plunger communicates with the idle-stroke receiver 45.

The trunnions 33 and 34 and the ports 40 and 41 therein oscillate with the plunger. Commutation should occur, however, when the plunger is at or near the beginning of a forward stroke; and the ports 40 and 41 are, therefore, always in the same position (as shown in FIG- URE when commutation occurs. In FIGURE 5 communication between the plunger and ram cylinder is shown as just about to commence through ports 39 and 41. During the preceding stroke the plunger had been in communication through ports 38 and 49 with the idle stroke receiver 45, which may be an air vessel or of other nature as described in copending application Serial No. 805,842, filed April 13, 1959, now Patent No. 2,995,013.

Referring to FIGURE 6, the plunger 1 is mounted for reciprocation in a cylinder 46. Cylinder 46 is oscillatingly mounted by means of trunnions 47 on a cylindrical commutating valve 48 reciprocally carried in frame member 49. Valve 48 is arranged to be reciprocated (in the axial direction) by means of a lever 50 operated from a suitable source of power (not shown) at half the frequency of the plunger.

The cylinder 46 has a plunger chamber 51 communicating with the interior of the valve through holes 52.

Valve 48 has a series of ports 53 arranged to be placed in communication with a ram cylinder 54 through passage 55 and a second series of ports 56 arranged to be placed in communication with a second ram cylinder 57 through a passage 58.

The valve is shown at the middle of its stroke, in commutating position, with the ports 53 just breaking hydraulic connection between the plunger and ram cylinder 54 and just beginning to make connection between the plunger and ram cylinder 57.

I claim: I

1. In a hydraulically operated jaw crusher having a ram cylinder, said ram cylinder having a passage for hydraulic fluid leading thereto, a plunger cylinder, and a plunger reciprocally mounted in said plunger cylinder, a fluid flow control mechanism therefor comprising a frame, a tubular member mounted in said frame and having an axis at right angles to the axis of said plunger cylinder, said plunger having a crankshaft carrying said plunger for imparting reciprocating movement to said plunger and oscillating movement to said plunger and plunger cylinder in response to rotation of said crankshaft, said tubular member having a side wall forming therein a hydraulic fluid receiving chamber and closures for the ends of said chamber, a first port in said side wall leading from said chamber said plunger cylinder and in constant communication therewith, and a second port in said side wall leading from said chamber to said ram cylinder passage.

2. In a hydraulically-operated jaw crusher having a ram cylinder, said ram cylinder having a passage for hydraulic fluid leading thereto, a plunger cylinder, and a plunger reciprocably mounted in said plunger cylinder, a valve mechanism therefor comprising a frame, a tubular valve member fixed to said plunger cylinder and rotatively mounted in said frame, said valve member having an axis at right angles to the axis of said plunger cylinder, said plunger having a crankshaft carrying said plunger for imparting reciprocating movement to said plunger and oscillating movement to said plunger, plunger cylinder, and valve member in response to rotation of said crankshaft, said valve member having closed end walls and a side Wall forming therein a hydraulic fluid receiving chamber, a first port in said side wall leading from said chamber to said plunger cylinder and in constant communication therewith, and a second port in said side wall leading from said chamber to said ran cylinder passage and in constant communication therewith.

3. in a hydraulically-operated jaw crusher having first and second ram cylinders, each said ram cylinder having a passage for hydraulic fluid leading thereto, a plunger cylinder, and a plunger reciprocably mounted in said plunger cylinder, a valve mechanism therefor comprising a frame, a tubular valve member movably mounted in said frame and having an axis at right angles to the axis of said plunger cylinder, said plunger cylinder having trunnions oscillatably supported on said tubular valve member, said plunger having a crankshaft carrying said plunger for imparting reciprocating movement to said plunger and oscillating movement to said plunger and plunger cylinder in response to rotation of said crankshaft, said valve member having closed end walls and a side wall forming therein a valve chamber, a first port in said side Wall leading from said valve chamber to said plunger cylinder and in constant communication with said plunger cylinder, a second port in said side wall for communication with said first ram cylinder passage, and a third port in said side Wall for communication with said second ram cylinder passage, said valve member having a first position opening said second port and closing said third port to place said plunger cylinder in communication with said first ram cylinder passage and out of communication with said second ram cylinder passage, and a second position closing said second port and opening said third port to place said plunger cylinder in communication with said second ram cylinder passage and out of communication with said first ram cylinder passage, and means for moving said valve member alternately into said first and second positions.

4. A hydraulically-operated jaw crusher as defined in claim 3, said second port having an axis in angular relation to the axis of said third port, and said valve member moving means comprising a sprocket fixed to said valve member for applying rotative movement thereto.

5. A hydraulically-operated jaw crusher as defined in claim 3, the axes of said second and third ports being substantially parallel, and said valve member moving means comprising a lever pivotally connected to said valve member for imparting reciprocating movement thereto.

6. In a hydraulically-operated jaw crusher having a ram cylinder, said ram cylinder having a passage for hydraulic fluid leading thereto, a hydraulic fluid receiving vessel having a passage for hydraulic fluid leading thereto, a plunger cylinder, and a plunger reciprocably mounted in said plunger cylinder, a valve mechanism therefor comprising a frame, a tubular valve member movably mounted in said frame and having an axis at right angles to the axis of said plunger cylinder, said plunger cylinder having trunnions oscillatably supported on said tubular valve member, said plunger having a crankshaft carrying said plunger for imparting reciprocating movement to said plunger and oscillating movement to said plunger and plunger cylinder in response to rotation of said crankshaft, said valve member having closed end walls and a side wall forming therein a valve 5 chamber, a first port in said side wall leading from said valve chamber to said plunger cylinder and in constant communication with said plunger cylinder, a second port in said side wall for communication with said ram cylinder passage, and a third port in said side wall for communication with said vessel passage, said valve member having a first position opening said second port and closin-g said third port to place said plunger cylinderFin communication with said ram cylinder passage and out of communication with said vessel passage, and a second position closing said second port and opening said third port to place said plunger cylinder in communication with said vessel passage and out of communication with said ram cylinder passage, and means for moving said valve member alternately into said first and second positions.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 

